1. KNOW THE BREED

Pure breed dogs are prone to hip dysplasia (German Shepherd, Labrador, golden retriever and pit bull), patella luxation and cruciate ligament tear (toy breed), spinal disc herniation (dachshunds and toy breed). 

2. AVOID OBESITY

One of the most common factor for orthopedic injuries is obesity. This factor exacerbate  sprain injuries  in normal patients and animals with dysplastic joints. The end result of overloading the joint is faster progression of arthritis (bone spurs) and chronic pain.

3. CONTROLLED ACTIVITY

Rough playing with other dogs and fetching activity are discouraged due to an increased incidence of ACL (knee ligament) tears.  Small breed dogs should not be allowed to jump  on / off furnitures due to the high risk of bone fractures, ligament and spinal injuries. Ramps and decreasing the intensity of exercise are the solution.

4. ENVIRONMENT CHANGES

Slippery surfaces, flat of stairs and trucks (car) are very dangerous for geriatric patients due to the risk of exacerbating  the arthritis and damaging tendons and ligaments.  Rugs, ramps and gaits are the solution.